Software Pipelining Simulation in JavaScript
Software pipelining is a compiler optimization technique that overlaps the execution of instructions from different iterations of a loop. This challenge asks you to simulate this process in JavaScript, demonstrating how pipelining can improve performance by allowing multiple loop iterations to be in progress simultaneously. You'll be modeling a simplified pipeline with stages and tracking data dependencies to ensure correct execution.
Problem Description
You are tasked with creating a JavaScript function pipelineExecution that simulates software pipelining for a given sequence of operations within a loop. The function will take an array of operations, each representing a step in the pipeline, and a number of pipeline stages. Each operation has a duration (in milliseconds) representing the time it takes to execute. The function should simulate the execution of a specified number of loop iterations, accounting for pipeline stages and data dependencies. The goal is to calculate the total execution time of the loop, taking into account the overlapping execution enabled by the pipeline.
Key Requirements:
- Pipeline Stages: The pipeline consists of a fixed number of stages.
- Operation Duration: Each operation has a duration representing its execution time.
- Data Dependencies: Assume that each operation depends on the output of the previous operation in the sequence. This means an operation cannot start until the previous one completes.
- Overlapping Execution: The pipeline should simulate overlapping execution. While one operation is executing in a stage, the next operation can be prepared for the next stage.
- Accurate Timing: The function must accurately calculate the total execution time, considering the pipeline stages and operation durations.
Expected Behavior:
The pipelineExecution function should return the total time taken to complete all loop iterations, considering the pipeline's effect. The execution time should be less than the sum of the durations of all operations in a single iteration if pipelining is effective.
Edge Cases to Consider:
- Number of Stages > Number of Operations: Handle the case where the number of pipeline stages is greater than the number of operations.
- Zero Duration Operations: Handle operations with zero duration gracefully (they should not contribute to the overall execution time).
- Small Number of Iterations: The benefits of pipelining might not be apparent with very few iterations.
Examples
Example 1:
Input: operations = [{duration: 10}, {duration: 20}, {duration: 30}], stages = 3, iterations = 3
Output: 60
Explanation: With 3 stages and 3 operations, the pipeline can execute all operations concurrently. The first operation takes 10ms, the second 20ms, and the third 30ms. The total time is the duration of the longest operation, which is 30ms + 20ms + 10ms = 60ms. However, because of pipelining, the total time is effectively the duration of the longest operation (30ms) plus the time to fill the pipeline (10ms + 20ms = 30ms). The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms + 10ms + 20ms = 60ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. The total time is 30ms. 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