React Scheduler View Implementation

This challenge requires you to build a functional scheduler view component in React using TypeScript. A scheduler view is a common UI pattern used to display events, appointments, or tasks over a period of time, allowing users to easily visualize their schedule. This exercise will test your understanding of React component development, state management, and basic date/time manipulation.

Problem Description

You need to create a React component named SchedulerView that displays a series of "events" within a daily timeline. The component should accept an array of event objects as props and render them in a visually organized manner.

Key Requirements:

1. Event Representation: Each event should have at least a title (string), startTime (Date object), and endTime (Date object).
2. Timeline Display: The view should represent a 24-hour day, with visual indicators for each hour.
3. Event Placement: Events must be positioned on the timeline based on their startTime and endTime. The height of an event block should be proportional to its duration.
4. Overlapping Events: If multiple events occur at the same time, they should be displayed without overlapping horizontally. You can achieve this by assigning them different "lanes" or "columns" within the same hour.
5. Styling: Basic styling should be applied to make the timeline and events visually distinct. You are free to choose your styling approach (CSS Modules, styled-components, inline styles, etc.).
6. TypeScript: The entire solution must be written in TypeScript, including type definitions for events and component props.

Expected Behavior:

• The SchedulerView component should render a vertical timeline from 00:00 to 23:00.
• Each event passed as a prop should be rendered as a distinct block on the timeline.
• The position and height of an event block should accurately reflect its start time, end time, and duration.
• Overlapping events should be displayed side-by-side within the same hour slot.

Edge Cases to Consider:

• Events that span across hour boundaries.
• Events that start and end at the same time (zero duration).
• Events that start or end exactly on an hour mark.
• Empty event list.
• Events that extend beyond the 24-hour period (though for simplicity, we can assume events are within a single day).

Examples

Example 1:

Input Props:
events = [
  { id: 'e1', title: 'Meeting', startTime: new Date('2023-10-27T09:00:00'), endTime: new Date('2023-10-27T10:30:00') },
  { id: 'e2', title: 'Lunch Break', startTime: new Date('2023-10-27T12:00:00'), endTime: new Date('2023-10-27T13:00:00') }
]

Output Visualization:

Imagine a vertical timeline.

• 'Meeting' would start at the 9:00 mark and extend down to the 10:30 mark. Its height would be 1.5 hours.
• 'Lunch Break' would start at the 12:00 mark and extend down to the 13:00 mark. Its height would be 1 hour.

Example 2:

Input Props:
events = [
  { id: 'e3', title: 'Team Sync', startTime: new Date('2023-10-27T14:00:00'), endTime: new Date('2023-10-27T14:30:00') },
  { id: 'e4', title: 'Code Review', startTime: new Date('2023-10-27T14:15:00'), endTime: new Date('2023-10-27T15:00:00') }
]

Output Visualization:

Imagine a vertical timeline.

• Both 'Team Sync' and 'Code Review' occur within the 14:00 hour.
• 'Team Sync' starts at 14:00 and ends at 14:30.
• 'Code Review' starts at 14:15 and ends at 15:00.
• These two events should be displayed side-by-side within the 14:00 hour segment, and 'Code Review' should extend into the 15:00 segment.

Example 3 (Edge Case):

Input Props:
events = [
  { id: 'e5', title: 'All Day Event', startTime: new Date('2023-10-27T00:00:00'), endTime: new Date('2023-10-27T23:59:59') }
]

Output Visualization:

Imagine a vertical timeline.

• 'All Day Event' would occupy the entire height of the timeline from 00:00 to 23:59.

Constraints

• The SchedulerView component will receive an array of event objects, where the array length can be from 0 to 100.
• Each event's startTime and endTime will be valid Date objects representing times within a single 24-hour period.
• The duration of an event will be at least 1 minute and at most 24 hours.
• The component should render efficiently, even with a moderate number of events (e.g., up to 50 events).

Notes

• Consider how to calculate the position and height of an event based on its duration relative to the total duration of the timeline (24 hours).
• For handling overlapping events, you'll need a strategy to determine how many "lanes" are required for a given hour and assign events to those lanes. This might involve iterating through events within each hour and checking for overlaps.
• You can assume a fixed height for the SchedulerView container. The height of individual event blocks will be a percentage or pixel value derived from their duration.
• Feel free to define additional properties for your event objects if you think they are necessary for styling or identification (e.g., id, color).