Angular Component Styling Optimization Challenge

Angular applications can sometimes suffer from performance issues related to styling, particularly when dealing with large components or frequent updates. This challenge focuses on optimizing Angular component styling by leveraging techniques like ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush, input aliases, and minimizing unnecessary style recalculations. The goal is to improve rendering performance and reduce the impact of style changes on the overall application.

Problem Description

You are tasked with optimizing the styling of an Angular component called ProductCardComponent. This component displays information about a product, including its name, image, price, and a discount percentage. The component receives a product object as input, and its styling should dynamically reflect the discount applied to the product. The current implementation is inefficient, causing unnecessary re-renders even when the product data hasn't changed significantly.

Your goal is to refactor the ProductCardComponent to improve its styling performance by:

1. Implementing ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush to prevent unnecessary change detection cycles.
2. Using input aliases to simplify data access and improve readability.
3. Minimizing style recalculations by using a more efficient approach to determine the discounted price and apply appropriate styling. Specifically, avoid recalculating the discounted price in the template if the product price and discount haven't changed.
4. Ensuring the component correctly displays the product information and applies the discount styling based on the provided data.

Key Requirements:

• The component must accept a product object as input, containing name, imageUrl, price, and discount properties.
• The component must display the product name, image, and price.
• The component must display the discounted price if a discount is applied.
• The component's styling must dynamically reflect the discount percentage, applying a visually distinct style when a discount is present.
• The component must utilize ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush.
• Input aliases should be used for clarity.
• Performance should be improved by minimizing unnecessary re-renders.

Expected Behavior:

• When the product object changes (specifically price or discount), the component should re-render to reflect the updated information.
• When other parts of the application change that don't affect the product object's price or discount, the component should not re-render.
• The component should visually indicate the presence of a discount (e.g., by applying a different color or font style to the discounted price).

Edge Cases to Consider:

• discount being null or undefined (treat as no discount).
• price being null or undefined (handle gracefully, perhaps displaying "N/A").
• discount being a negative value (handle gracefully, perhaps displaying the original price).
• Large number of ProductCardComponent instances in the application.

Examples

Example 1:

Input: product = { name: 'Laptop', imageUrl: 'laptop.jpg', price: 1200, discount: 0.1 }
Output: Displays "Laptop" with image, original price $1200, discounted price $1080 (with discount styling applied).
Explanation: The component correctly calculates and displays the discounted price and applies the discount styling.

Example 2:

Input: product = { name: 'Mouse', imageUrl: 'mouse.jpg', price: 25, discount: null }
Output: Displays "Mouse" with image, original price $25 (no discount styling applied).
Explanation: The component correctly handles the case where there is no discount.

Example 3:

Input: product = { name: 'Keyboard', imageUrl: 'keyboard.jpg', price: 75, discount: 0.25 }
Output: Displays "Keyboard" with image, original price $75, discounted price $56.25 (with discount styling applied).
Explanation: The component correctly calculates and displays the discounted price and applies the discount styling.

Constraints

• The component must be written in TypeScript.
• The component must be a functional component using hooks.
• The component must use Angular's built-in styling mechanisms (CSS or SCSS).
• The solution should be reasonably performant. While a precise performance benchmark isn't required, avoid excessively complex or inefficient calculations.
• The component should be self-contained and easily reusable.

Notes

• Consider using a memoization technique (e.g., useMemo hook) to avoid recalculating the discounted price unnecessarily.
• Pay close attention to how Angular's change detection works and how ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush affects the component's re-rendering behavior.
• Focus on minimizing the number of times the component re-renders, especially when dealing with a large number of instances.
• Think about how to structure your code for readability and maintainability. Input aliases can significantly improve code clarity.
• The visual styling of the discount is less important than the correct calculation and the performance optimization. Focus on the core logic and change detection strategy.