Truth or Dare: Converting Values to Booleans in JavaScript

JavaScript's type system can be a bit quirky, especially when dealing with boolean conversions. This challenge focuses on writing a function that accurately converts various JavaScript values to their boolean equivalents, adhering to JavaScript's truthy and falsy rules. Understanding these conversions is crucial for writing robust and predictable code, particularly when working with conditional statements and logical operators.

Problem Description

You are tasked with creating a JavaScript function called convertToBoolean that accepts a single argument of any JavaScript data type. This function should return the boolean equivalent of the input value, following JavaScript's standard truthy and falsy rules.

What needs to be achieved:

The function must take any JavaScript value as input and return true or false based on whether the value is considered truthy or falsy.

Key requirements:

• The function must be named convertToBoolean.
• It must accept a single argument.
• It must return a boolean value (true or false).
• It must adhere to JavaScript's truthy/falsy rules (see Notes below).

Expected behavior:

The function should behave as if the input were used directly in a boolean context (e.g., within an if statement).

Edge cases to consider:

• null
• undefined
• 0 (zero)
• -0 (negative zero)
• 0n (BigInt zero)
• "" (empty string)
• NaN (Not a Number)
• Numbers other than 0 (both positive and negative)
• Strings containing only whitespace
• Arrays (empty and non-empty)
• Objects (empty and non-empty)
• Booleans themselves (true and false)

Examples

Example 1:

Input: 5
Output: true
Explanation: Any non-zero number is truthy.

Example 2:

Input: ""
Output: false
Explanation: An empty string is falsy.

Example 3:

Input: null
Output: false
Explanation: null is falsy.

Example 4:

Input: [1, 2, 3]
Output: true
Explanation: A non-empty array is truthy.

Example 5:

Input: {}
Output: false
Explanation: An empty object is falsy.

Example 6:

Input: true
Output: true
Explanation: The boolean value true is truthy.

Example 7:

Input: undefined
Output: false
Explanation: undefined is falsy.

Constraints

• The function must accept any valid JavaScript data type as input.
• The function must return a boolean value.
• The function should be efficient and avoid unnecessary computations. While performance isn't a primary concern for this problem, avoid overly complex or inefficient solutions.

Notes

• Truthy and Falsy Values: In JavaScript, certain values are inherently considered "truthy" (evaluate to true in a boolean context) while others are "falsy" (evaluate to false). The falsy values are: false, 0, -0, 0n, "" (empty string), null, undefined, and NaN. All other values are truthy.
• You can use the double negation operator (!!) as a shortcut to convert a value to its boolean equivalent. However, demonstrating an understanding of truthy/falsy values is preferred.
• Consider how different data types (numbers, strings, booleans, objects, arrays, null, undefined, NaN) are treated in boolean contexts.